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Currently, under the increasing requirements of export markets as well as consumers, the chemical residue in seafood products is being mentioned.

In addition, the incorrect use of antibiotics, treatment regimens, and the use of antibiotics for feeding in aquaculture cause the residues of resistance in the environment quite a lot, leading to more and more antibiotic resistance. fast and serious.

At the same time, the use of antibiotics also destroys most of the intestinal microflora. Adverse effects on aquatic animals affecting the development of aquatic animals.

Herbal antimicrobials are seen as an effective alternative to antibiotics.

Hoang Lien is known to be one of the top herbs for antibacterial, increasing immunity against pathogenic bacteria.

Bacterial infections and ectoparasites leading causes of mortalities

The clinical signs of Edwardsiella ictaluri infection in pangasius are numerous white spots on the kidney, spleen and liver.

The freshwater catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) is an indigenous fish species in high demand from global consumers. The commercial culture of pangasius in Vietnam provides improved socioeconomic status for thousands of Vietnamese producers.

As in other developing aquaculture ventures, health problems that include disease outbreaks from parasites and bacteria have been encountered. For pangasius, the most important disease problems are caused by the bacteria (Edwardsiella ictaluri), (Aeromonas hydrophila), (A. sobria) and (A. caviae).

Protozoan parasites encountered include organisms of the genera (Microsporidium), (Myxobolus), (Henneguya), (Trypanosoma), (Ichthyonyctus), (Trichodina), (Balantidium) and (Epistylis), as well as IIchthyophthirius multifiliis). Several metazoan parasites and noninfectious problems have also been reported.

A new diagnostic tool that can detect a range of aquatic pathogens, including DIV-1, between two and four weeks before clinical signs are apparent to shrimp farmers, has recently been launched by Genics.

Genics' MultiPath technology is now being used in 23 countries and covers over 90 percent of all Australian shrimp / prawn producers

Dr Melony Sellars, CEO of the Australian company, talks to The Fish Site about shrimp pathogens, founding a startup and the wisdom of shrimp farmers.

Shrimp culture tends to now be developed intensively with upgraded technology for higher and successful production. On many occasions, shrimp culture is affected by various diseases and experienced in the loss of crop or reduced the production level by various reasons, writes Mr. Prakash Chandra Behera, India.

Intensive and semi-intensive aquafarming accompanies several disease problems often due to opportunistic pathogens as evident from general aquaculture. High stocking densities, high food inputs, and other organic loads stimulate the selection and proliferation of opportunistic pathogens like bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, etc.