Technical Topics

- Fish are lethargic, somber disorientation, white, red head, reddened, bleeding under the skin, fins, anus.

Currently, under the increasing requirements of export markets as well as consumers, the chemical residue in seafood products is being mentioned.

In addition, the incorrect use of antibiotics, treatment regimens, and the use of antibiotics for feeding in aquaculture cause the residues of resistance in the environment quite a lot, leading to more and more antibiotic resistance. fast and serious.

At the same time, the use of antibiotics also destroys most of the intestinal microflora. Adverse effects on aquatic animals affecting the development of aquatic animals.

Herbal antimicrobials are seen as an effective alternative to antibiotics.

Hoang Lien is known to be one of the top herbs for antibacterial, increasing immunity against pathogenic bacteria.

Bacterial infections and ectoparasites leading causes of mortalities

The clinical signs of Edwardsiella ictaluri infection in pangasius are numerous white spots on the kidney, spleen and liver.

The freshwater catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) is an indigenous fish species in high demand from global consumers. The commercial culture of pangasius in Vietnam provides improved socioeconomic status for thousands of Vietnamese producers.

As in other developing aquaculture ventures, health problems that include disease outbreaks from parasites and bacteria have been encountered. For pangasius, the most important disease problems are caused by the bacteria (Edwardsiella ictaluri), (Aeromonas hydrophila), (A. sobria) and (A. caviae).

Protozoan parasites encountered include organisms of the genera (Microsporidium), (Myxobolus), (Henneguya), (Trypanosoma), (Ichthyonyctus), (Trichodina), (Balantidium) and (Epistylis), as well as IIchthyophthirius multifiliis). Several metazoan parasites and noninfectious problems have also been reported.